Summary
Cold Rolled Steel Coil market research report provides the newest industry data and industry future trends, allowing you to identify the products and end users driving Revenue growth and profitability.
The industry report lists the leading competitors and provides the insights strategic industry Analysis of the key factors influencing the market.
The report includes the forecasts, Analysis and discussion of important industry trends, market size, market share estimates and profiles of the leading industry Players.
Global Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market: Product Segment Analysis
Color coated coil
Continuous hot dip galvanized steel coil
Carbon structural steel cold rolled coils
Deep drawing cold rolled coils
Global Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market: Application Segment Analysis
Car manufacturer
Electrical Products
Locomotive
Aviation
Precision instruments
Canned Food
Global Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market: Regional Segment Analysis
USA
Europe
Japan
China
India
South East Asia
The Players mentioned in our report
BlueScope
ArcelorMittal
ThyssenKrupp
United States Steel Corporation
Yieh Phui Enterprise
Bao Steel
Dongbu Steel
JFE Steel
Ruukki
Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal
Barclay & Mathieson
Shandong Guanzhou
Ma Steel
WISCO
Posco
Safal Group
Hebei Zhonggang Steel
SYSCO
ESSAR
TATA Steel
North American Stainless
HBIS
ANSTEEL
Jinan Steel
Bhushan Steel Limited
National Steel & Agro Industries
Wuxi Zhongcai Group
Table of Content
Chapter 1 About the Cold Rolled Steel Coil Industry
1.1 Industry Definition and Types
1.1.1 Color coated coil
1.1.2 Continuous hot dip galvanized steel coil
1.1.3 Carbon structural steel cold rolled coils
1.1.1.4 Deep drawing cold rolled coils
1.2 Main Market Activities
1.3 Similar Industries
1.4 Industry at a Glance
Chapter 2 World Market Competition Landscape
2.1 Cold Rolled Steel Coil Markets by Regions
2.1.1 USA
Market Revenue (M USD) and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Sales and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Major Players Revenue (M USD) in 2017
2.1.2 Europe
Market Revenue (M USD) and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Sales and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Major Players Revenue (M USD) in 2017
2.1.3 China
Market Revenue (M USD) and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Sales and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Major Players Revenue (M USD) in 2017
2.1.4 India
Market Revenue (M USD) and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Sales and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Major Players Revenue (M USD) in 2017
2.1.5 Japan
Market Revenue (M USD) and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Sales and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Major Players Revenue (M USD) in 2017
2.1.6 South East Asia
Market Revenue (M USD) and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Sales and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Major Players Revenue (M USD) in 2017
2.2 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market by Types
Color coated coil
Continuous hot dip galvanized steel coil
Carbon structural steel cold rolled coils
Deep drawing cold rolled coils
2.3 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market by Applications
Car manufacturer
Electrical Products
Locomotive
Aviation
Precision instruments
2.4 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market Analysis
2.4.1 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market Revenue and Growth Rate 2012-2017
2.4.2 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market and Growth rate 2012-2017
2.4.3 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market Price Analysis 2012-2017
Chapter 3 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market share
3.1 Major Production Market share by Players
3.2 Major Revenue (M USD) Market share by Players
3.3 Major Production Market share by Regions in 2017, Through 2022
3.4 Major Revenue (M USD) Market share By Regions in 2017, Through 2022
Chapter 4 Supply Chain Analysis
4.1 Industry Supply chain Analysis
4.2 Raw material Market Analysis
4.2.1 Raw material Prices Analysis 2012-2017
4.2.2 Raw material Supply Market Analysis
4.2 Manufacturing Equipment Suppliers Analysis
4.3 Production Process Analysis
4.4 Production Cost Structure Benchmarks
4.5 End users Market Analysis
Chapter 5 Company Profiles
5.1 BlueScope
5.1.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.1.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.1.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.2 ArcelorMittal
5.2.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.2.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.2.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.3 ThyssenKrupp
5.3.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.3.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.3.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.4 United States Steel Corporation
5.4.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.4.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.4.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.5 Yieh Phui Enterprise
5.5.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.5.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.5.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.6 Bao Steel
5.6.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.6.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.6.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.7 Dongbu Steel
5.7.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.7.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.7.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.8 JFE Steel
5.8.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.8.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.8.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.9 Ruukki
5.9.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.9.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.9.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.10 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal
5.10.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.10.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.10.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.11 Barclay & Mathieson
5.11.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.11.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.11.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.12 Shandong Guanzhou
5.12.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.12.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.12.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.13 Ma Steel
5.13.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.13.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.13.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.14 WISCO
5.14.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.14.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.14.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.15 Posco
5.15.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.15.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.15.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.16 Safal Group
5.16.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.16.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.16.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.17 Hebei Zhonggang Steel
5.17.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.17.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.17.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.18 SYSCO
5.18.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.18.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.18.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.19 ESSAR
5.19.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.19.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.19.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.20 TATA Steel
5.20.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.20.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.20.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.21 North American Stainless
5.21.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.21.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.21.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.22 HBIS
5.22.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.22.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.22.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.23 ANSTEEL
5.23.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.23.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.23.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.24 Jinan Steel
5.24.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.24.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.24.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.25 Bhushan Steel Limited
5.25.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.25.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.25.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.26 National Steel & Agro Industries
5.26.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.26.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.26.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
5.27 Wuxi Zhongcai Group
5.27.1 Company Details (Foundation Year, Employee Strength and etc)
5.27.2 Product Information (Picture, Specifications and Applications)
5.27.3 Revenue (M USD), Price and Operating Profits
Chapter 6 Globalisation & Trade
6.1 Business Locations
6.2 Supply channels
6.3 Marketing strategy
6.4 Barriers to Entry
Chapter 7 Distributors and Customers
7.1 Major Distributors and contact information by Regions
7.2 Major Customers and contact information by Regions
Chapter 8 Import, Export, and Value by Major Countries
8.1 USA
8.2 Germany
8.3 China
8.4 Japan
8.5 India
Chapter 9 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market Forecast through 2022
9.1 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Demand by Regions Forecast through 2022
9.2 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Price(by Regions, Types, Applications)Analysis Forecast through 2022
9.3 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Revenue (M USD)(by Regions, Types, Applications) Forecast through 2022
9.4 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market Analysis
9.4.1 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market Revenue and Growth Rate 2012-2017
9.4.2 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market and Growth rate 2012-2017
9.4.3 World Cold Rolled Steel Coil Market Price Analysis 2012-2017
Chapter 10 Key success factors and Market Overview
Tables and figures
Table Main Market Activities by Regions
Table Market Revenue (M USD) and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Table Major Players Revenue (M USD) in 2017
Table Market Revenue (M USD) and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Table Major Players Revenue (M USD) in 2017
Table Market Revenue (M USD) and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Table Major Players Revenue (M USD) in 2017
Table Market Revenue (M USD) and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Table Major Players Revenue (M USD) in 2017
Table Market Revenue (M USD) and Growth Rate 2012-2022
Table Major Players Revenue (M USD) in 2017
Table Major Production Market share by Players 2017
Table Major Revenue (M USD) Market share by Players 2017
Table Production Market share by Major Regions in 2012-2017
Table Production Market share by Major Regions in 2017-2022
Table Revenue (M USD) Market share by Regions in 2012-2017
Table Revenue (M USD) Market share by Regions in 2017-2022
Table Industry Supply chain Analysis
Table Raw material Prices Analysis 2012-2017
Table Raw material Suppliers Market Analysis
Table Manufacturing Equipment Suppliers Analysis
Figure Production Process Analysis
Figure Production Cost Structure
Table major End Users by Regions
Table BlueScope Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel CoilCold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of BlueScope
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of BlueScope 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of BlueScope 2016-2017
Table ArcelorMittal Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of ArcelorMittal
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of ArcelorMittal 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of ArcelorMittal 2016-2017
Table ThyssenKrupp Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of ThyssenKrupp
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of ThyssenKrupp 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of ThyssenKrupp 2016-2017
Table United States Steel Corporation Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of United States Steel Corporation
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of United States Steel Corporation 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of United States Steel Corporation 2016-2017
Table Yieh Phui Enterprise Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Yieh Phui Enterprise
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Yieh Phui Enterprise 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Yieh Phui Enterprise 2016-2017
Table Bao Steel Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Bao Steel
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Bao Steel 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Bao Steel 2016-2017
Table Dongbu Steel Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Dongbu Steel
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Dongbu Steel 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Dongbu Steel 2016-2017
Table JFE Steel Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of JFE Steel
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of JFE Steel 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of JFE Steel 2016-2017
Table Ruukki Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Ruukki
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Ruukki 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Ruukki 2016-2017
Table Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal 2016-2017
Table Barclay & Mathieson Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Barclay & Mathieson
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Barclay & Mathieson 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Barclay & Mathieson 2016-2017
Table Shandong Guanzhou Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Shandong Guanzhou
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Shandong Guanzhou 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Shandong Guanzhou 2016-2017
Table Ma Steel Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Ma Steel
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Ma Steel 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Ma Steel 2016-2017
Table WISCO Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of WISCO
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of WISCO 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of WISCO 2016-2017
Table Posco Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Posco
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Posco 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Posco 2016-2017
Table Safal Group Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Safal Group
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Safal Group 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Safal Group 2016-2017
Table Hebei Zhonggang Steel Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Hebei Zhonggang Steel
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Hebei Zhonggang Steel 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Hebei Zhonggang Steel 2016-2017
Table SYSCO Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of SYSCO
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of SYSCO 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of SYSCO 2016-2017
Table ESSAR Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of ESSAR
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of ESSAR 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of ESSAR 2016-2017
Table TATA Steel Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of TATA Steel
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of TATA Steel 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of TATA Steel 2016-2017
Table North American Stainless Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of North American Stainless
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of North American Stainless 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of North American Stainless 2016-2017
Table HBIS Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of HBIS
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of HBIS 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of HBIS 2016-2017
Table ANSTEEL Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of ANSTEEL
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of ANSTEEL 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of ANSTEEL 2016-2017
Table Jinan Steel Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Jinan Steel
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Jinan Steel 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Jinan Steel 2016-2017
Table Bhushan Steel Limited Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Bhushan Steel Limited
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Bhushan Steel Limited 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Bhushan Steel Limited 2016-2017
Table National Steel & Agro Industries Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of National Steel & Agro Industries
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of National Steel & Agro Industries 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of National Steel & Agro Industries 2016-2017
Table Wuxi Zhongcai Group Information List
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Picture, Specifications and Applications of Wuxi Zhongcai Group
Table Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume, Price, Operating Cost, Operating Profits, Revenue (M USD) and Profits Margin of Wuxi Zhongcai Group 2016-2017
Figure Cold Rolled Steel Coil Sales Volume and World Market Share of Wuxi Zhongcai Group 2016-2017
Table Business Locations
Figure Supply channels
Figure Marketing strategy
Table Barriers Analysis to Entry
Table Major Distributors and contact information by Regions
Table Major Customers and contact information by Regions
Table USA Supply, Import, Export, and Value(M USD)
Table Germany Supply, Import, Export, and Value(M USD)
Table China Supply, Import, Export, and Value(M USD)
Table Japan Supply, Import, Export, and Value(M USD)
Table India Supply, Import, Export, and Value(M USD)
Table World Demand by Regions Forecast Analysis of Cold Rolled Steel Coil (2017-2022)
Table World Price by Regions Forecast Analysis of Cold Rolled Steel Coil (2017-2022)
Table World Price by Types Forecast Analysis of Cold Rolled Steel Coil (2017-2022)
Table World Price by Applications Forecast Analysis of Cold Rolled Steel Coil (2017-2022)
Table World Revenue (M USD) by Regions Forecast Analysis of Cold Rolled Steel Coil (2017-2022)
Table World Revenue (M USD) by Types Forecast Analysis of Cold Rolled Steel Coil (2017-2022)
Table World Revenue (M USD) by Applications Forecast Analysis of Cold Rolled Steel Coil (2017-2022)
*If Applicable.